No extra power wire needed for the 3 and 4 player adaptor, it's all passed through from the JAMMA board. Probably worth a look at this recent thread for help mapping it in emulator:
viewtopic.php?f=5&t=4644
Have you selected the four player mode from the service menu? That should do most, if not quite all, the config required for the four player board. There's no real standard four player cab setup (every company did there own thing) so some setup may well be required fo your cab and games combination.
You also shouldn't need the RPi power supply, assuming you have power to the JAMMA edge it should be passed to the Pi via the ribbon cable. Just noticed this in your photo.
For Popeye, if it's running in AdvMAME I'd try the video settings menu in the MAME menu while it's running. Unfortunately you may not be able to see that part of the MAME menu while the image is that overscanned. I'm happy to check it out at my end and write out some instructions if you like - just let me know your video setting (ie. if you're booting in 480i, 240p or 480p and the emulator its running in. It could also be worth trying a different emulator, eg. try MAME 0.172 if it's in AdvMAME 0.106 at the moment.